Research
Relationship between anthropometric variables and nutrient intake in apparently healthy male elderly individuals: A study from Pakistan
1 Tübingen Aging and Tumour Immunology group, Sektion für Transplantationsimmunologie und Immunohämatologie, University of Tübingen, Zentrum für MedizinischeForschung, Waldhörnlestraße 22, 72072 Tübingen, Germany
2 Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Department of Agriculture, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Previously: NWFP), Pakistan
3 Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), 8A Biomedical Grove, IMMUNOS Bd.03, Biopolis, A*STAR, 138648, Singapore
4 Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences, NWFP Agricultural University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Previously: NWFP), 25000, Pakistan
Nutrition Journal 2011, 10:111 doi:10.1186/1475-2891-10-111
Published: 12 October 2011Abstract
Background
The elderly population is increasing worldwide, which warrants their nutritional status assessment more important. The present study was undertaken to establish the nutritional status of the least-studied elderly population in Pakistan.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional study with a sample of 526 generally healthy free-living elderly men (mean age: 68.9 yr; range: 50-98 yr) from Peshawar, Pakistan. Anthropometric measurements (weight, height, WC) were measured and BMI and WHR were calculated from these measurements following WHO standard procedures. Dietary intake was assessed by 24-hr dietary recall. Nutrients were calculated from the information on food intake. Nutrients in terms of % of RNI were calculated using WHO data on recommended intakes.
Results
Based on BMI, the numbers of obese, overweight and underweight elderly were 13.1, 3.1 and 10.8%, respectively. Age was negatively and significantly correlated with BMI (p = 0.0028). Energy (p = 0.0564) and protein intake (p = 0.0776) tended to decrease with age. There was a significant increase in % BF with age (p = <0.0001). The normal weight elderly had significantly (p < 0.05) higher intake of all nutrients studied, except energy which was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in obese and overweight elderly. Overall, however, the majority of subjects had lower than adequate nutrient intake (67.3 - 100% of recommendation).
Conclusions
Malnutrition is common in apparently healthy elderly Pakistani men. Very few elderly have adequate nutrient intake. Obese and overweight had higher % BF as compared to normal weight elderly. Older age is associated with changes not only in anthropometrics and body composition but also in intake of key nutrients like energy and protein.
