Table 1 |
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Baseline characteristics and clinical measurements for study participants by treatment group |
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Caffeinated Coffee |
Decaffeinated Coffee |
No Coffee |
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(N = 16) |
(N = 14) |
(N = 15) |
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Age (years) |
38.7 (7.3) |
41.9 (14.6) |
41.2 (17.4) |
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Sex (% female) |
11 (68.8) |
9 (64.3) |
9 (60.0) |
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Usual caffeinated coffee intake (mL/d) |
998 (432) |
885 (509) |
758 (500) |
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Ethnicity (% non-Hispanic white) |
10 (62.5) |
10 (71.4) |
10 (66.7) |
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Physical activity (MET-hrs/wk) |
28.5 (31.6) |
37.1 (35.4) |
31.6 (18.0) |
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Weight (kg) |
79.8 (10.7) |
86.5 (9.3) |
84.6 (11.4) |
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Body mass index (kg/m2) |
29.0 (2.3) |
29.5 (2.2) |
30.0 (2.4) |
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Waist circumference (cm) |
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Men |
97.7 (7.3) |
102.5 (7.3) |
102.6 (6.3) |
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Women |
85.2 (10.3) |
90.9 (7.8) |
88.3 (7.4) |
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Fat mass (%)a |
32.0 (7.5) |
33.5 (8.9) |
34.3 (6.6) |
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Glucose (mmol/L)b |
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Fasting |
4.8 (0.5) |
4.9 (1.0) |
4.7 (0.4) |
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2-hour |
5.8 (1.8) |
5.7 (1.6) |
6.2 (1.6) |
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Area under the curve |
13.2 (2.4) |
13.3 (3.6) |
14.0 (2.1) |
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Insulin (pmol/L) |
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Fasting |
48.4 (33.6) |
71.7 (50.9) |
52.6 (21.1) |
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2-hour |
288.7 (132.6) |
381.1 (223.3) |
366.4 (180.0) |
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Area under the curve |
574. 2 (317.7) |
717.8 (395.7) |
675.1 (275.3) |
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CISI (mmol/L-1*pmol/L-1) |
24.2 (15.4) |
20.8 (15.7) |
17.2 (7.4) |
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Insulin 30 min/Glucose 30 min |
86.7 (59.2) |
163.9 (162.4) |
118.8 (89.6) |
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HOMA-IR |
1.7 (1.1) |
2.5 (2.0) |
1.9 (0.8) |
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Adiponectin (μg/mL) |
7.8 (4.8) |
7.1 (3.7) |
8.6 (3.6) |
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C-reactive protein (mg/L) |
1.2 (1.0) |
4.6 (5.8) |
2.8 (3.2) |
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Interleukin-6 (pg/mL) |
1.0 (0.5) |
2.6 (2.6) |
2.0 (1.3) |
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Fetuin-A (μg/mL) |
246.1 (45.3) |
270.7 (37.4) |
280.2 (56.9) |
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HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) |
1.5 (0.4) |
1.5 (0.5) |
1.5 (0.3) |
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LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) |
2.8 (0.9) |
2.4 (0.8) |
2.3 (0.7) |
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Triglycerides (mmol/L) |
1.1 (0.7) |
1.0 (0.4) |
1.0 (0.5) |
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Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) |
115.0 (10.6) |
119.7 (13.8) |
121.3 (10.7) |
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Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) |
69.8 (7.6) |
71.8 (5.8) |
73.2 (8.7) |
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Heart rate (beats per minute) |
68.0 (8.2) |
71.3 (10.4) |
66.5 (9.3) |
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Unless otherwise noted, data are means (standard deviation) for continuous variables and number (percentages) for categorical variables. CISI, composite insulin sensitivity index. HOMA, homeostasis model assessment; IR, insulin resistance, HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein. a Assessed by bioelectric impedance analysis. b One participant missing baseline fasting glucose measurement (Decaffeinated coffee treatment group). |
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Wedick et al. Nutrition Journal 2011 10:93 doi:10.1186/1475-2891-10-93 |
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