Table 1 |
|||||
| Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and control groups | |||||
| Characteristics | Control group | COPD group | p | ||
| n = 20 | n = 20 | ||||
| n | % | n | % | ||
| Gender | 1.000 | ||||
| Males | 16 | 80 | 16 | 80 | |
| Females | 4 | 20 | 4 | 20 | |
| Age | 0.47 | ||||
| (years) | 75.5± 7.65 (61-86) | 73.7± 8.0 (61-86) | |||
| Race/Color | 1.0000 | ||||
| White | 17 | 85 | 17 | 85 | |
| Non-white | 3 | 15 | 3 | 15 | |
| Marital status | 0.1504 | ||||
| Married | 16 | 80 | 13 | 65 | |
| Widowed | 1 | 5 | 5 | 25 | |
| Divorced | 1 | 1 | 2 | 10 | |
| Single | 2 | 10 | - | - | |
| Occupation | 0.5483 | ||||
| Inactive | 19 | 95 | 18 | 90 | |
| Active | 1 | 5 | 2 | 10 | |
| Education level | 0.0274* | ||||
| Illiterate | - | - | 3 | 15 | |
| Elementary school | 9 | 45 | 11 | 55 | |
| High school | 8 | 40 | 1 | 5 | |
| Higher education | 3 | 15 | 5 | 25 | |
| Place of residence | 0.03501* | ||||
| Lins | 20 | 100 | 16 | 80 | |
| Other cities | - | - | 4 | 20 | |
| Nutritional status | 0.0705 | ||||
| Normal weight | 11 | 55 | 12 | 60 | |
| Underweight | - | - | 3 | 15 | |
| Overweight | 5 | 25 | 5 | 25 | |
| Obese | 4 | 20 | - | - | |
| Duration of COPD | - | - | 4.65 ± 2.97 | - | - |
| Smoking status | 0.00091* | ||||
| Non-smoker | 12 | 60 | 2 | 10 | |
| Ex-smoker and smoker | 8 | 40 | 18 | 90 | |
| High blood pressure | 9 | 45 | 9 | 45 | 1.000 |
| Diabetes mellitus type 2 | - | - | 3 | 15 | 0.0717 |
| Physical activity | 0.03501* | ||||
| Active | 16 | 80 | 20 | 100 | |
| Inactive | 4 | 20 | - | - | |
COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; * = p indicates a significant difference between the groups; Gender, race/color, marital status, occupation, education level, nutritional status: chi-square test; place of residence: Fisher’s exact test; age: unpaired Student’s t-test.
Ramires et al. Nutrition Journal 2012 11:37 doi:10.1186/1475-2891-11-37
