Table 2 |
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| Characteristics of 443 Japanese women aged 18–22 years categorized by normal or elevated (cutoff 1 mg/L) serum CRP concentration* | ||||
| Total (n = 443) | Normal CRP (CRP <1 mg/L) (n = 418) | Elevated CRP (CRP ≥1 mg/L) (n = 25) | P† | |
| Serum CRP concentration (mg/L) | 0.11 (0.06-0.23) | 0.11 (0.06-0.20) | 1.78 (1.29-3.06) | |
| Age (years) | 19 (19–20) | 19 (19–20) | 19 (19–20) | 0.72 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 21.0 (19.5-22.5) | 21.0 (19.5-22.6) | 21.7 (19.3-22.2) | 0.99 |
| Residential region | 0.37 | |||
| North (Kanto and Tohoku) | 268 (60.5) | 250 (59.8) | 18 (72.0) | |
| Central (Tokai and Hokuriku) | 73 (16.5) | 69 (16.5) | 4 (16.0) | |
| South (Kyushu and Chugoku) | 102 (23.0) | 99 (23.7) | 3 (12.0) | |
| Size of residential area | 0.75 | |||
| City with population ≥1 million | 77 (17.4) | 74 (17.7) | 3 (12.0) | |
| City with population <1 million | 329 (74.3) | 309 (73.9) | 20 (80.0) | |
| Town and village | 37 (8.4) | 35 (8.4) | 2 (8.0) | |
| Current smoking | 0.86 | |||
| No | 428 (96.6) | 404 (96.7) | 24 (96.0) | |
| Yes | 15 (3.5) | 14 (3.4) | 1 (4.0) | |
| Alcohol drinking | 0.10 | |||
| No | 248 (56.0) | 230 (55.0) | 18 (72.0) | |
| Yes | 195 (44.0) | 188 (45.0) | 7 (28.0) | |
| Dietary supplement use | 0.33 | |||
| No | 357 (80.6) | 335 (80.1) | 22 (88.0) | |
| Yes | 86 (19.4) | 83 (19.9) | 3 (12.0) | |
| Physical activity (total metabolic equivalents-hours/d) | 33.2 (32.2-34.5) | 33.2 (32.2-34.4) | 33.3 (32.4-34.6) | 0.57 |
| Energy intake (kcal/d) | 1718 (1475–1986) | 1717 (1476–1976) | 1795 (1347–1994) | 0.99 |
| Total n-3 PUFA intake (g/d)‡ | 2.2 (1.9-2.6) | 2.2 (1.9-2.6) | 2.2 (1.9-2.6) | 0.50 |
| Dietary TAC‡ | ||||
| FRAP (mmol Fe2+/d) | 10.61 (7.42-16.06) | 10.79 (7.55-16.33) | 7.65 (5.47-11.68) | 0.004 |
| ORAC (mmol TE/d) | 16.78 (12.43-24.12) | 17.30 (12.93-24.63) | 13.00 (9.38-16.93) | 0.003 |
| TEAC (mmol TE/d) | 6.26 (4.67-8.83) | 6.45 (4.73-8.92) | 5.32 (3.66-6.01) | 0.01 |
| TRAP (mmol TE/d) | 6.71 (4.34-10.24) | 6.85 (4.50-10.48) | 4.47 (3.60-6.48) | 0.01 |
CRP C-reactive protein, PUFA polyunsaturated fatty acid, TAC total antioxidant capacity, FRAP ferric reducing ability of plasma, ORAC oxygen radical absorbance capacity, TEAC Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, TRAP total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter, TE Trolox equivalent.
* Values are medians (interquartile ranges) or numbers of subjects (%).
†P value between normal CRP and elevated CRP groups. For continuous values, the Mann–Whitney signed-rank test was used; for categorical values, the chi-square test was used.
‡ Energy adjustment was performed according to the residual method.
Kobayashi et al. Nutrition Journal 2012 11:91 doi:10.1186/1475-2891-11-91
