Table 8 |
||||
| Within–person change Model: estimated change in energy intake associated with beverage substitution | ||||
| Model 3 Estimated effect of substituting each beverage type * | ||||
| B | P value | 95% Confidence interval for B | ||
| Change in: | Lower | Upper | ||
| Hot beverages (100 g) | −15 | <0.0001 | −18 | −12 |
| Milk (100 g) | 15 | <0.0001 | 8 | 22 |
| Fruit juice (100 g) | 25 | <0.0001 | 15 | 35 |
| Caloric soft drink (100 g) | 23 | <0.0001 | 18 | 27 |
| Diet soft drink (100 g) | −15 | <0.0001 | −20 | −9 |
| Alcohol (100 g) | 17 | <0.0001 | 15 | 19 |
| Bottled water (100 g) | −21 | <0.0001 | −27 | −15 |
| Tap water (100 g) | −31 | <0.0001 | −35 | −28 |
| Model 4 Estimated effect of caloric beverages replacing non-caloric beverages | ||||
| B | P value | 95% Confidence Interval for B | ||
| Lower | Upper | |||
| Change in total beverages (100 g) | 12 | <0.0001 | 10 | 14 |
| Change in caloric beverages (100 g) | 29 | <0.0001 | 27 | 32 |
| Model 5 Estimated effect of caloric beverages replacing caloric beverages, holding food energy constant | ||||
| B | P value | 95% Confidence Interval for B | ||
| Lower Bound | Upper Bound | |||
| Change in food energy (100 kcal) | 100 | <0.0001 | 99.9 | 101 |
| Change in total beverages (100 g) | 1 | <0.0001 | 0.9 | 1.8 |
| Change in caloric beverages (100 g) | 35 | <0.0001 | 35 | 36 |
*Model 3 is a composite of 8 regressions, one for each beverage, adjusted for change in total weight of beverages; coefficients express the change in energy intake associated with a change in one beverage type and a corresponding reduction in others, i.e. constant total beverage intake.
Gibson and Shirreffs Nutrition Journal 2013 12:9 doi:10.1186/1475-2891-12-9
