Table 4 |
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|
Prospective Studies of Folate and Breast Cancer. |
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| Reference |
Study |
# Cases |
# Controls |
Outcomes |
Comment |
|
|
|||||
| [214] |
Nurses' Health Study |
3,483 |
↓folate intake + alcohol = ↑risk of breast cancer (OR = 0.55, P-trend = 0.001) |
Folate intake not associated with overall risk of breast cancer |
|
| [215] |
Canadian National Breast Screening Study |
1,336 |
5,382 |
↓folate intake + alcohol = ↑risk of breast cancer (OR = 0.34, P-trend = 0.004) |
Folate intake not associated with overall risk of breast cancer |
| [216] |
Prospective study in USA with postmenopausal women |
1,586 |
Among drinkers, ↓folate intake = ↑breast cancer risk (OR = 1.59) |
No association in overall cohort |
|
| [125] |
Shanghai Breast Cancer Study, China |
1,321 |
1,382 |
↑folate intake = ↓ risk (OR = 0.71, P-trend = 0.05); ↑folate, ↑methionine, ↑B6, ↑B12 = ↓risk (OR = 0.47, P-trend = 0.01) |
No alcohol, no supplements, unprocessed, unfortified foods |
| [217] |
Nurses' Health Study II, study of premenopausal women |
714 |
Vitamin A protective (OR = 0.28); Vitamins C, E, and folate not associated with risk. |
||
| [118] |
Nurses' Health Study |
712 |
712 matched |
↑plasma folate = ↓risk (OR = 0.73, P-trend = 0.06). For women who drank alcohol, ↑plasma folate even more protective, OR = 0.11. |
↑plasma B6 and plasma B12 were also protective |
| [218] |
Prospective study in USA with postmenopausal women |
1,823, 308 with family history (FH) |
FH- +Alcohol = ↑risk (OR = 1.40) FH- + Alcohol + ↑folate = normal risk; FH+ ↓folate = ↑risk for drinkers (OR = 2.21) and non-drinkers (OR = 2.39); FH+ +Alcohol + ↑folate = ↑risk (OR = 1.67); FH+ + ↑folate = normal risk |
Women with family history of breast cancer can reduce risk by increasing folate intake and not drinking. |
|
|
FH = Family History | |||||
Donaldson Nutrition Journal 2004 3:19 doi:10.1186/1475-2891-3-19 |
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