Research
The effect of drinking milk containing conjugated linoleic acid on fecal microbiological profile, enzymatic activity, and fecal characteristics in humans
Author affiliations
1 Food Research and Development Centre, Agriculture Canada, Saint Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
2 Departments of Animal Science and Food Science and Nutrition, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
3 School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Citation and License
Nutrition Journal 2007, 6:15 doi:10.1186/1475-2891-6-15
Published: 9 July 2007Abstract
Background
The primary objective was to determine whether consumption of conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) affected the fecal microbiota composition, fecal enzyme activity or fecal composition.
Methods
Human subjects consumed (1 L/day) cows' milk (4% fat) containing (5 mg/g fat) cis-9, trans-11 CLA (CONT), (32 mg/g fat) cis-9, trans-11 CLA (NAT) and (32 mg/g fat) trans-10, cis-12 CLA and cis-9, trans-11 CLA (SYN) for 8 weeks, in addition to their normal diet. Milk feeding periods were separated by 4 week washout periods. Fecal samples were obtained at the beginning (day 0) and the end (day 56) of each milk feeding period. Fecal samples were analysed for microbiological profile, enzyme activity, pH and short chain fatty acid content.
Results
Samples taken at day 0 and day 56 indicated that the numbers of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria significantly decreased after consumption of all experimental milks; total aerobes, total anaerobes, enterobacteria, and enterococci + streptococci did not change. At day 56, the activities of β-glucosidase, nitroreductase, and urease enzymes had decreased compared to samples taken on day 0 for all treatments. β-glucuronidase activity did not change. Fecal pH and ammonia content did not change.
Conclusion
It was concluded that observed changes could have been attributed to increased milk intake; no differences could be attributed to consumption of the different CLAs.
