Table 1 |
||||
|
Anthropometric, behavioural and dietary characteristics of plausible and underreporters |
||||
| Men |
Women |
|||
|
|
|
|||
| Plausible |
Underreport |
Plausible |
Underreport |
|
| n = 485 |
n = 382 |
n = 362 |
n = 291 |
|
|
|
||||
| Age (y) |
50.2 ± 13.3 |
47.2 ± 13.6** |
51.4 ± 12.9 |
44.2 ± 12.3*** |
| BMI (kg/m2) |
25.4 ± 3.1 |
26.6 ± 3.3*** |
24.1 ± 3.5 |
25.6 ± 4.4*** |
| WC (cm) |
89.5 ± 9.6 |
92.5 ± 10.5*** |
78.2 ± 9.4 |
80.5 ± 10.7** |
| Sum6SKF (mm) |
76.0 ± 29.2 |
90.3 ± 31.7*** |
124.6 ± 38.6 |
139.5 ± 42.5*** |
| Tsports (h/week) |
3.8 ± 4.5 |
3.2 ± 3.7* |
2.3 ± 3.2 |
1.9 ± 2.5 |
| PAL (MET) |
1.8 ± 0.3 |
1.7 ± 0.2* |
1.7 ± 0.18 |
1.7 ± 0.15 |
| Ttv (h/week) |
14.9 ± 8.2 |
15.3 ± 9.1 |
14.6 ± 8.8 |
13.4 ± 8.6 |
| BMI groups (%) |
P < 0.001 |
P < 0.001 |
||
| < 25 kg/m2 |
46.4% |
33.8% |
65.5% |
52.6% |
| 25–30 kg/m2 |
46.6% |
51.3% |
29.6% |
31.6% |
| ≥30 kg/m2 |
7.0% |
14.9% |
5.0% |
15.8% |
| WC groups (%) |
P < 0.001 |
N.S |
||
| < 94 or < 80 cm |
68.7% |
54.7% |
61.3% |
56.0% |
| 94–102 or 80–88 cm |
22.5% |
28.8% |
24.6% |
23.0% |
| ≥102 or 88 cm |
8.9% |
16.5% |
14.1% |
21.0% |
| Education (%) |
N.S |
N.S |
||
| Low |
4.9% |
4.5% |
6.1% |
5.8% |
| Moderate |
44.5% |
38.0% |
42.0% |
36.8% |
| High |
50.5% |
57.6% |
51.9% |
57.4% |
| Smoking (%) |
N.S |
N.S |
||
| Never |
57.8% |
56.8% |
72.6% |
71.7% |
| Former |
29.5% |
29.3% |
15.8% |
13.0% |
| Current |
12.7% |
13.9% |
11.6% |
15.2% |
| Ca (mg/d) |
990.6 ± 524.7 |
692.9 ± 318.2*** |
870.3 ± 339.4 |
688.4 ± 324.9*** |
| Fe (mg/d) |
16.1 ± 4.7 |
12.0 ± 3.7*** |
13.3 ± 5.1 |
10.1 ± 3.4*** |
| Total EI (kcal/d) |
2782.0 ± 431.5 |
1916.1 ± 348.9*** |
2171.1 ± 348.1 |
1549.5 ± 279.4*** |
| Protein |
||||
| (kcal/d) |
425.0 ± 103.9 |
320.3 ± 78.9*** |
345.9 ± 78.8 |
268.2 ± 78.4*** |
| (%E) |
15.3 ± 3.0 |
16.8 ± 3.4*** |
16.0 ± 3.0 |
17.5 ± 5.2*** |
| Carbohydrate |
||||
| (kcal/d) |
1282.7 ± 286.5 |
873.3 ± 206.1*** |
961.2 ± 199.4 |
716.9 ± 172.2*** |
| (%E) |
46.1 ± 7.6 |
45.8 ± 7.8 |
44.4 ± 6.8 |
46.4 ± 8.1** |
| Sugar (kcal/d) |
||||
| (kcal/d) |
293.5 ± 167.5 |
187.7 ± 109.9*** |
199.3 ± 103.6 |
163.7 ± 93.9*** |
| (%E) |
10.5 ± 5.6 |
9.9 ± 5.7 |
9.3 ± 4.8 |
10.5 ± 6.5** |
| Starch |
||||
| (kcal/d) |
675.4 ± 207.9 |
469.9 ± 144.6*** |
486.3 ± 142.3 |
362.3 ± 110.5*** |
| (%E) |
24.3 ± 6.5 |
24.6 ± 6.7 |
22.5 ± 5.7 |
23.6 ± 6.5* |
| Fibre |
||||
| (kcal/d) |
91.0 ± 28.9 |
64.9 ± 20.8*** |
74.3 ± 21.1 |
56.1 ± 17.7*** |
| (%E) |
3.3 ± 1.0 |
3.4 ± 1.1 |
3.5 ± 1.0 |
3.7 ± 1.2* |
| Fat |
||||
| (kcal/d) |
951.2 ± 268.0 |
628.5 ± 194.9*** |
779.3 ± 212.3 |
519.8 ± 176.3*** |
| (%E) |
34.0 ± 6.8 |
32.4 ± 7.1** |
35.6 ± 6.6 |
33.1 ± 8.3*** |
| Saturated fat |
||||
| (kcal/d) |
364.2 ± 114.3 |
240.5 ± 82.0*** |
265.2 ± 109.4 |
296.2 ± 199.5*** |
| (%E) |
13.0 ± 3.2 |
12.4 ± 3.2** |
13.5 ± 3.1 |
12.7 ± 3.6** |
| Monounsaturated |
||||
| (kcal/d) |
361.4 ± 119.5 |
237.9 ± 83.9*** |
294.4 ± 100.2 |
196.4 ± 79.6*** |
| (%E) |
12.9 ± 3.3 |
12.3 ± 3.4** |
13.4 ± 3.6 |
12.5 ± 4.2** |
| Polyunsaturated |
||||
| (kcal/d) |
161.0 ± 71.4 |
108.9 ± 50.6*** |
130.2 ± 65.1 |
86.3 ± 44.3*** |
| (%E) |
5.7 ± 2.2 |
5.6 ± 2.3 |
6.0 ± 2.8 |
5.5 ± 2.5* |
| Alcohol |
||||
| (kcal/d) |
123.2 ± 125.8 |
93.91 ± 105.122*** |
84.7 ± 106.0 |
44.7 ± 67.1*** |
| (%E) |
4.6 ± 4.7 |
5.0 ± 5.7 |
3.9 ± 4.8 |
2.9 ± 4.5** |
| Ca (mg/d) |
990.6 ± 524.7 |
692.9 ± 318.2*** |
870.3 ± 339.4 |
688.4 ± 324.9*** |
| Fe (mg/d) |
16.1 ± 4.7 |
12.0 ± 3.7*** |
13.3 ± 5.1 |
10.1 ± 3.4*** |
| Cholesterol (mg) |
104.3 ± 39.0 |
106.8 ± 45.8 |
105.3 ± 39.2 |
109.3 ± 46.1 |
|
|
||||
|
* Underreporters differ significantly (P < 0.05) from plausible reporters of the same sex ** Underreporters differ significantly (P < 0.01) from plausible reporters of the same sex *** Underreporters differ significantly (P < 0.001) from plausible reporters of the same sex |
||||
|
Duvigneaud et al. Nutrition Journal 2007 6:26 doi:10.1186/1475-2891-6-26 |
||||
