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Dietary supplement usage patterns of long-term users of multiple dietary supplements (Multiple Supp users). |
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| Dietary supplement type |
Average daily usage |
% of women who were daily users |
% of men who were daily users |
|
|
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| Multivitamin/mineral (with or without iron) |
* |
89.5 |
84.7 |
| B-Complex |
† |
87.7 |
79.5 |
| Vitamin C |
1000 mg/d |
86.4 |
80.3 |
| Vitamin E (d-alpha tocopherol and mixed tocopherols) |
800 IU/d |
79.0 |
74.4 |
| Carotenoids |
‡ |
79.6 |
74.4 |
| Flavonoids (from a variety of sources) |
362 mg/d |
86.4 |
52.1 |
| Calcium with vitamin D |
§ |
81.5 |
68.4 |
| Zinc |
15 mg/d |
48.2 |
55.6 |
| Lecithin |
3.1 g/d |
71.6 |
66.7 |
| Alfalfa (Medicago sativa, leaf) |
2.85 g/d |
75.9 |
70.9 |
| Garlic (Allium sativum, clove) |
1 g/d |
49.4 |
54.7 |
| Omega-3 fatty acids (from fish oil) |
1000 mg/d |
81.5 |
73.5 |
| Coenzyme Q10 with resveratrol |
# |
69.8 |
64.1 |
| Soy protein isolate |
14 g/d |
46.9 |
55.6 |
| Glucosamine hydrochloride |
1500 mg/d |
59.3 |
57.3 |
| Saw palmetto extract (Serenoa repens, berry) |
320 mg/d |
1.9 |
67.5 |
| Gamma linolenic acid (from borage seed oil) |
180 mg/d |
62.4 |
35.0 |
| Probiotic supplement (from Bifidobacterium longum and Lactobacillus acidophilus) |
†† |
50.0 |
32.5 |
| Herbal immune supplement |
‡‡ |
60.5 |
58.1 |
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*35–200% of the Daily Value for 25 vitamin and minerals and also includes 5 trace minerals. †200–2700% of the Daily Value for 8 B vitamins. ‡5000 IU/d vitamin A as beta carotene, 5 mg/d lycopene, 5 mg/d lutein, 1.5 mg/d alpha carotene, 200 mcg/d zeaxanthin, 400 mcg/d astaxanthin. §1500 mg/d calcium, 600 IU/d vitamin D, 600 mcg/d vitamin K, 600 mg/d magnesium, and <15% of the Daily value for zinc, copper, and manganese. #30 mg/d coenzyme Q10 and 640 mcg/d resveratrol. ††250 million/d Bifidobacterium longum and 250 million/d Lactobacillus acidophilus. ‡‡500 mg/d plant extracts from pumpkin seed (Curcubita moschata), safflower flower (Carthamus tinctorius), asian plantain seed (Plantago asiatica), Japanese honeysuckle flower (Lonicera japonica). | |||
Block et al. Nutrition Journal 2007 6:30 doi:10.1186/1475-2891-6-30 |
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