Table 4 |
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|
Food intake patterns in men in northern Sweden, 1992–2005 |
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|
Food intake clusters1 |
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|
|
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|
Food group |
Fruit and vegetables |
High fat |
Tea, soda and cookies |
Overall mean (SD) frequency/day |
|
Number of subjects (%) |
9,179 (31) |
8,725 (29) |
12,027 (40) |
29,931 (100) |
|
|
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|
High-fat spreads |
-- |
++ |
+ |
0.70 (0.64) |
|
Low-fat spreads |
+++ |
-- |
-- |
0.41 (0.59) |
|
Oil |
+ |
- |
= |
0.18 (0.23) |
|
Fat in cooking |
- |
+ |
= |
0.33 (0.29) |
|
Fruit |
+ |
- |
= |
0.57 (0.45) |
|
Vegetables |
+ |
- |
- |
0.61 (0.45) |
|
Milk, 0.5% |
+ |
- |
- |
0.25 (0.41) |
|
Milk, 1.5% |
- |
+ |
- |
0.40 (0.46) |
|
Milk, 3% |
- |
+ |
+ |
0.26 (0.32) |
|
Cream |
= |
= |
= |
0.07 (0.08) |
|
High-fat cheese |
= |
- |
= |
0.32 (0.32) |
|
Low-fat cheese |
+ |
- |
- |
0.16 (0.25) |
|
Cold cereals |
+ |
- |
+ |
0.23 (0.23) |
|
White bread |
= |
- |
= |
0.39 (0.35) |
|
High fiber bread |
+++ |
= |
- |
0.99 (0.59) |
|
Boiled potato |
= |
= |
- |
0.29 (0.20) |
|
Fried potatoes |
+ |
= |
= |
0.07 (0.06) |
|
Rice |
= |
= |
= |
0.08 (0.09) |
|
Pasta |
= |
= |
= |
0.11 (0.08) |
|
Fish |
= |
= |
= |
0.13 (0.07) |
|
Red meat |
= |
= |
= |
0.25 (0.11) |
|
Traditional meat |
= |
= |
= |
0.14 (0.07) |
|
Chicken |
+ |
= |
= |
0.04 (0.03) |
|
Cold cuts |
+ |
= |
- |
0.28 (0.26) |
|
Classic |
= |
= |
= |
0.09 (0.05) |
|
Sweets |
= |
- |
= |
0.11 (0.12) |
|
Sugar and jam |
- |
+ |
- |
0.52 (0.57) |
|
Ice cream |
= |
= |
= |
0.05 (0.05) |
|
Cookies |
- |
- |
= |
0.29 (0.27) |
|
Snacks |
= |
= |
= |
0.04 (0.05) |
|
Soda |
- |
- |
+ |
0.19 (0.23) |
|
Beer |
= |
+ |
= |
0.09 (0.11) |
|
Wine |
+ |
= |
= |
0.03 (0.05) |
|
Spirits |
= |
= |
= |
0.03 (0.04) |
|
Coffee |
+ |
++ |
-- |
1.36 (0.76) |
|
Tea |
= |
- |
+ |
0.26 (0.37) |
|
|
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|
SD, Standard deviation 1 The sign – indicates variation below the mean frequency of intake, while + indicates variation above the mean frequency of intake. For example, we used + (or -) for 0.1–0.49 SD units (SDUs); ++ (or --) for 0.5–0.99 SDUs; and +++ (or ---) for 1.0–1.99 SDUs. The sign = means equal to mean frequency of intake. For example, for "High-fat spreads", the "Fruit and vegetables" group had a mean intake of 0.5–0.99 SDUs below the mean intake, i.e., 0.5 × 0.64 – 0.99 × 0.64 below 0.70 times/day, which equals 0.07–0.38 times/day. |
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|
Winkvist et al. Nutrition Journal 2009 8:12 doi:10.1186/1475-2891-8-12 |
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