Table 4 |
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Comprehensive metabolic panel data of men (A) and women (B) before and following three weeks of supplementation with Ambrotose AO® at a dosage of 4 capsules per day and placebo (cross-over design with a three week washout between conditions). |
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A |
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Variable |
Trained Men Ambrotose AO® Pre |
Trained Men Ambrotose AO® Post |
Trained Men Placebo Pre |
Trained Men Placebo Post |
Untrained Men Ambrotose AO® Pre |
Untrained Men Ambrotose AO® Post |
Untrained Men Placebo Pre |
Untrained Men Placebo Post |
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|
Glucose (mg·dL-1)** |
84.3 ± 3.8 |
87.0 ± 4.6 |
87.4 ± 3.6 |
83.9 ± 2.3 |
90.4 ± 3.4 |
95.8 ± 5.4 |
99.6 ± 9.0 |
96.2 ± 9.1 |
|
BUN (mg·dL-1)†* |
16.9 ± 1.9 |
16.7 ± 1.0 |
16.7 ± 1.6 |
17.9 ± 1.8 |
15.0 ± 2.3 |
15.8 ± 2.5 |
14.6 ± 1.0 |
13.4 ± 1.2 |
|
Creatinine (mg·dL-1)†* |
1.1 ± 0.0 |
1.1 ± 0.0 |
1.2 ± 0.0 |
1.1 ± 0.0 |
1.0 ± 0.1 |
1.0 ± 0.1 |
1.1 ± 0.1 |
1.1 ± 0.1 |
|
BUN/Creatinine |
15.6 ± 2.0 |
15.4 ± 1.4 |
14.6 ± 1.3 |
16.0 ± 1.7 |
15.4 ± 3.2 |
16.2 ± 3.7 |
13.6 ± 1.9 |
12.2 ± 1.4 |
|
Sodium (mmol·L-1) |
138.4 ± 0.3 |
139.9 ± 0.6 |
139.3 ± 0.6 |
138.3 ± 0.8 |
137.2 ± 0.4 |
137.4 ± 0.6 |
138.8 ± 1.1 |
137.6 ± 1.3 |
|
Potassium (mmol·L-1) |
4.5 ± 0.2 |
4.3 ± 0.2 |
4.3 ± 0.2 |
4.3 ± 0.2 |
4.4 ± 0.1 |
4.2 ± 0.1 |
4.1 ± 0.1 |
4.3 ± 0.1 |
|
Chloride (mmol·L-1)* |
102.0 ± 0.4 |
103.1 ± 0.3 |
101.7 ± 0.9 |
101.9 ± 0.5 |
101.6 ± 0.9 |
101.6 ± 0.8 |
102.6 ± 1.4 |
102.2 ± 1.3 |
|
CO2 (mmol·L-1)* |
26.7 ± 0.7 |
26.9 ± 0.6 |
26.7 ± 0.5 |
26.4 ± 0.7 |
26.0 ± 0.7 |
24.8 ± 0.7 |
26.2 ± 0.7 |
25.4 ± 0.5 |
|
Calcium (mg·dL-1)* |
9.2 ± 0.2 |
9.3 ± 0.1 |
9.4 ± 0.1 |
9.4 ± 0.1 |
9.4 ± 0.1 |
9.2 ± 0.1 |
9.2 ± 0.1 |
9.3 ± 0.1 |
|
Protein (g·dL-1)†* |
6.7 ± 0.1 |
6.6 ± 0.1 |
6.8 ± 0.1 |
6.8 ± 0.1 |
7.0 ± 0.2 |
6.9 ± 0.2 |
6.8 ± 0.1 |
6.7 ± 0.2 |
|
Albumin (g·dL-1) |
4.3 ± 0.1 |
4.3 ± 0.1 |
4.4 ± 0.2 |
4.3 ± 0.1 |
4.5 ± 0.1 |
4.4 ± 0.2 |
4.3 ± 0.0 |
4.1 ± 0.1 |
|
Globulin (g·dL-1)†* |
2.4 ± 0.2 |
2.4 ± 0.2 |
2.5 ± 0.2 |
2.5 ± 0.1 |
2.5 ± 0.1 |
2.5 ± 0.1 |
2.4 ± 0.1 |
2.6 ± 0.1 |
|
A/G Ratio†* |
1.8 ± 0.1 |
1.9 ± 0.2 |
1.8 ± 0.1 |
1.7 ± 0.1 |
1.8 ± 0.1 |
1.8 ± 0.1 |
1.8 ± 0.1 |
1.6 ± 0.1 |
|
Bilirubin (mg·dL-1)** |
0.7 ± 0.2 |
0.6 ± 0.2 |
0.7 ± 0.2 |
0.5 ± 0.1 |
0.8 ± 0.1 |
0.7 ± 0.1 |
0.8 ± 0.2 |
0.9 ± 0.2 |
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Alk Phos (IU·L-1)* |
71.7 ± 6.7 |
71.6 ± 6.7 |
75.3 ± 6.7 |
73.4 ± 6.2 |
68.2 ± 9.6 |
68.0 ± 9.0 |
69.0 ± 8.9 |
65.6 ± 10.3 |
|
AST (SGOT) (IU·L-1)** |
25.6 ± 1.8 |
24.9 ± 3.4 |
27.1 ± 2.9 |
25.0 ± 1.6 |
25.2 ± 2.9 |
30.8 ± 3.5 |
30.6 ± 3.6 |
30.6 ± 4.3 |
|
ALT (SGPT) (IU·L-1)** |
23.7 ± 2.1 |
26.0 ± 3.0 |
26.4 ± 3.2 |
27.1 ± 4.4 |
25.6 ± 7.0 |
33.2 ± 11.8 |
39.4 ± 11.9 |
33.0 ± 7.7 |
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B |
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Variable |
Trained Women Ambrotose AO® Pre |
Trained Women Ambrotose AO® Post |
Trained Women Placebo Pre |
Trained Women Placebo Post |
Untrained Women Ambrotose AO® Pre |
Untrained Women Ambrotose AO® Post |
Untrained Women Placebo Pre |
Untrained Women Placebo Post |
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Glucose (mg·dL-1)** |
86.1 ± 3.3 |
86.7 ± 1.9 |
88.1 ± 2.5 |
97.1 ± 10.3 |
84.6 ± 1.9 |
84.8 ± 2.5 |
86.0 ± 1.6 |
82.8 ± 2.7 |
|
BUN (mg·dL-1)†* |
14.9 ± 1.9 |
15.7 ± 1.9 |
15.6 ± 2.2 |
17.1 ± 2.2 |
11.0 ± 1.3 |
11.2 ± 1.4 |
12.5 ± 1.9 |
12.5 ± 2.1 |
|
Creatinine (mg·dL-1)†* |
1.0 ± 0.0 |
0.9 ± 0.0 |
1.0 ± 0.1 |
0.9 ± 0.1 |
0.8 ± 0.0 |
0.8 ± 0.1 |
0.8 ± 0.1 |
0.8 ± 0.0 |
|
BUN/Creatinine |
15.4 ± 2.1 |
16.6 ± 2.2 |
16.7 ± 2.7 |
19.1 ± 2.9 |
13.7 ± 1.6 |
14.5 ± 2.3 |
15.2 ± 2.5 |
15.3 ± 2.9 |
|
Sodium (mmol·L-1) |
138.9 ± 0.7 |
138.4 ± 0.8 |
139.0 ± 0.9 |
138.0 ± 0.6 |
139.3 ± 0.8 |
138.3 ± 0.9 |
139.0 ± 0.9 |
138.3 ± 0.6 |
|
Potassium (mmol·L-1) |
4.1 ± 0.1 |
4.1 ± 0.2 |
4.2 ± 0.1 |
4.3 ± 0.1 |
4.3 ± 0.1 |
4.1 ± 0.1 |
4.1 ± 0.1 |
4.4 ± 0.2 |
|
Chloride (mmol·L-1)* |
103.1 ± 0.5 |
103.4 ± 0.8 |
103.6 ± 0.8 |
103.4 ± 1.0 |
102.6 ± 1.2 |
103.0 ± 0.9 |
103.7 ± 0.6 |
103.0 ± 0.5 |
|
CO2 (mmol·L-1)* |
23.7 ± 0.8 |
24.4 ± 1.2 |
25.1 ± 1.0 |
24.4 ± 0.5 |
24.1 ± 1.1 |
24.0 ± 0.4 |
24.0 ± 0.3 |
24.0 ± 0.4 |
|
Calcium (mg·dL-1)* |
9.6 ± 0.2 |
9.5 ± 0.2 |
9.5 ± 0.1 |
9.6 ± 0.1 |
9.4 ± 0.1 |
9.3 ± 0.1 |
9.4 ± 0.1 |
9.5 ± 0.1 |
|
Protein (g·dL-1)†* |
7.0 ± 0.2 |
6.7 ± 0.2 |
6.9 ± 0.1 |
6.7 ± 0.2 |
7.1 ± 0.2 |
7.2 ± 0.1 |
7.4 ± 0.2 |
7.4 ± 0.2 |
|
Albumin (g·dL-1) |
4.5 ± 0.1 |
4.2 ± 0.1 |
4.3 ± 0.1 |
4.2 ± 0.1 |
4.4 ± 0.1 |
4.3 ± 0.1 |
4.5 ± 0.1 |
4.4 ± 0.1 |
|
Globulin (g·dL-1)†* |
2.5 ± 0.1 |
2.5 ± 0.1 |
2.6 ± 0.1 |
2.5 ± 0.1 |
2.8 ± 0.2 |
2.9 ± 0.1 |
2.9 ± 0.2 |
3.0 ± 0.2 |
|
A/G Ratio†* |
1.8 ± 0.1 |
1.7 ± 0.0 |
1.7 ± 0.1 |
1.7 ± 0.1 |
1.6 ± 0.1 |
1.5 ± 0.1 |
1.6 ± 0.1 |
1.5 ± 0.1 |
|
Bilirubin (mg·dL-1)** |
0.6 ± 0.1 |
0.5 ± 0.1 |
0.6 ± 0.1 |
0.7 ± 0.2 |
0.4 ± 0.1 |
0.5 ± 0.0 |
0.4 ± 0.1 |
0.4 ± 0.1 |
|
Alk Phos (IU·L-1)* |
55.4 ± 6.5 |
51.9 ± 5.1 |
56.0 ± 4.5 |
49.6 ± 4.6 |
53.1 ± 6.9 |
53.7 ± 5.2 |
56.2 ± 6.8 |
58.3 ± 7.8 |
|
AST (SGOT) (IU·L-1)** |
25.4 ± 2.8 |
29.3 ± 5.8 |
20.3 ± 2.1 |
23.3 ± 1.1 |
19.6 ± 2.5 |
18.8 ± 1.6 |
21.3 ± 1.7 |
23.2 ± 3.2 |
|
ALT (SGPT) (IU·L-1)** |
22.1 ± 3.1 |
24.3 ± 4.7 |
19.9 ± 2.4 |
19.1 ± 1.5 |
16.3 ± 3.6 |
13.7 ± 2.2 |
14.0 ± 1.2 |
18.8 ± 3.8 |
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Values are mean ± SEM. † Training status effect: BUN (p = 0.002); Creatinine (p < 0.0001); Protein (p = 0.001); Globulin (p = 0.003); A/G Ratio (p = 0.04) * Sex effect: BUN (p = 0.05); Creatinine (p = 0.002); Chloride (p = 0.008); CO2 (p < 0.0001); Calcium (p = 0.03); Protein (p = 0.002); Globulin (p = 0.006); A/G Ratio (p = 0.05); Alk Phos (p < 0.0001) ** Sex × training status effect: Glucose (p = 0.005); Bilirubin (p = 0.01); AST (p = 0.02); ALT (p = 0.01) No other statistically significant differences were noted (p > 0.05). |
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|
Bloomer et al. Nutrition Journal 2010 9:49 doi:10.1186/1475-2891-9-49 |
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