Table 3 |
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|
Immunomodulatory Polysaccharide-Rich Plant Powders: Oral Animal Studies |
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|
Source |
Animal |
Oral dose/day |
Duration |
Treatment |
Significant effects |
Reference |
|
|
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|
Agaricus (A. blazei) subrufescens (fruit bodies) |
6-week ♂ C57BL/6, C3H/HeJ and BALB/c mice (3/group) |
16, 32 or 64 mg |
2 weeks |
Healthy animals |
32 and 64 mg ↑ liver mononuclear cell cytotoxicity |
[25] |
|
|
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|
Grifola frondosa |
6-week ♀ ICR mice (10-15/group) |
5% of diet |
36 weeks |
Oral N-butyl-N'-butanolnitrosamine daily for first 8 weeks |
↓ #s of animals with bladder tumors; ↓ tumor weight; ↑ peritoneal Mø chemotactic activity, splenic lymphocyte blastogenic response & cytotoxic activity |
[70] |
|
|
||||||
|
Laminaria angustata |
Weanling SD rats (58/group) |
5% of diet |
26 weeks |
IG DMBA, beginning of week 5 |
↑ time to tumor development and ↓ # of adenocarcinomas in adenocarcinoma-bearing animals |
[77] |
|
|
||||||
|
Lentinula (Lentinus) edodes |
6-week ♀ ICR mice (10-17/group) |
5% of diet |
36 weeks |
Oral BBN daily for first 8 weeks |
↓ # of animals with bladder tumors; ↓ tumor weight; ↑ Mø chemotactic activity, splenic lymphocyte blastogenic response, cytotoxic activity |
[70] |
|
|
||||||
|
7-8 -week ♂ Swiss mice (10/group) |
1%, 5% or 10% of diet of 4 different lineages days 1-15 |
16 days |
Injected IP N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea day 15 |
All 3 doses of one lineage and the 5% dose of two other lineages ↓ #s of micronucleated bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes |
[79] |
|
|
|
||||||
|
Lentinula edodes (fruit bodies) |
5-week ♀ ICR mice (14/group × 2) |
10%, 20% or 30% of diet |
25 days |
Injected IP Sarcoma-180 ascites |
All 3 doses ↓ Sarcoma-180 tumor weight |
[78] |
|
|
||||||
|
Mice: 1) CDF1; 2) C3H; 3) BALB/c; 4,5) C57BL/6N (9/group × 3) |
20% of diet |
25 days |
Injected SC 1) IMC carcinoma, 2) MM-46 carcinoma, 3) Meth-A fibrosarcoma, 4) B-16 melanoma, or 5) Lewis lung carcinoma cells |
↓ growth of MM-46, B-16, Lewis lung, and IMC tumors; ↑ lifespan in Lewis lung and MM-46 animals |
||
|
|
||||||
|
ICR mice (14/group × 2) |
20% of diet days 1-7, days 7-31 or days 14-31 |
31 days |
Injected IP Sarcoma-180 ascites |
↓ tumor weight & growth when fed days 7-31 or 14-31 |
||
|
|
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|
Mice: 1) CDF1; 2) C3 H (5/group × 4) |
20% of diet |
7-12 days |
Injected SC: 1) IMC carcinoma or 2) MM-46 carcinoma cells |
↑ spreading rate of activated Mø ↑ phagocytic activity |
||
|
|
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|
Phellinus linteus |
4-week ♂ ICR mice (10/group) |
2 mg |
1 month |
Healthy animals |
↓ serum & splenocyte IgE production; ↑ proportion of splenic CD4+ T cells & splenocyte IFN-γ production |
[31] |
|
|
||||||
|
Pleurotus ostreatus |
6-week ♀ ICR mice (10-20/group) |
5% of diet |
36 weeks |
Oral BBN daily for first 8 weeks |
↓ #s of animals with bladder tumors; ↓ tumor weight; ↑ plasma Mø chemotactic activity, splenic lymphocyte blastogenic response, cytotoxic activity |
[70] |
|
|
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|
Ramberg et al. Nutrition Journal 2010 9:54 doi:10.1186/1475-2891-9-54 |
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