Table 3 |
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Cardio respiratory and muscular fitness changes for the high energy, high carbohydrate diet + exercise (HED; 2,600: 55:15:30), no diet + exercise (ND), very low carbohydrate, high protein diet + exercise (VLCHP: 1,200; 63:7:30), low carbohydrate, moderate protein diet + exercise (LCMP: 1,200; 50:20:30), high carbohydrate, low protein diet + exercise (HCLP: 1,200; 55:15:30). |
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P-value |
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|
|
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|
Variable |
Group |
Week 0 |
Week 10 |
Week 14 |
Within Group |
G × T |
|
|
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|
Max VO2 (mL•kg•min-1) |
HED |
23.5 ± 3.2 |
22.9 ± 4.6 |
24.6 ± 3.9 |
0.22 |
< 0.05 |
|
ND |
21.4 ± 4.1 |
22.2 ± 4.0 |
21.9 ± 3.5 |
0.45 |
||
|
VLCHP |
21.6 ± 4.0 |
23.9 ± 4.3* |
23.5 ± 4.4* a |
< 0.001 |
||
|
LCMP |
21.3 ± 4.6 |
22.0 ± 5.2 |
22.8 ± 4.7* |
< 0.05 |
||
|
HCLP |
21.7 ± 3.4 |
23.8 ± 4.4* |
23.5 ± 3.9*a |
< 0.001 |
||
|
CON |
23.7 ± 4.9 |
24.0 ± 5.6 |
23.5 ± 4.9 |
0.80 |
||
|
|
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|
BP 1RM (kg•kg-1) |
HED |
0.41 ± 0.09 |
0.46 ± 0.08 |
0.49 ± 0.08* |
< 0.001 |
0.39 |
|
ND |
0.36 ± 0.07 |
0.39 ± 0.05 |
0.42 ± 0.09* |
0.053 |
||
|
VLCHP |
0.39 ± 0.13 |
0.43 ± 0.12* |
0.43 ± 0.12*f |
< 0.001 |
||
|
LCMP |
0.36 ± 0.09 |
0.40 ± 0.09* |
0.41 ± 0.09* |
< 0.001 |
||
|
HCLP |
0.36 ± 0.08 |
0.41 ± 0.09* |
0.42 ± 0.09* |
< 0.001 |
||
|
CON |
0.35 ± 0.09 |
0.37 ± 0.10 |
0.37 ± 0.09 |
0.36 |
||
|
|
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|
BP Lifting Volume (kg•kg-1) |
HED |
5.1 ± 1.8 |
5.1 ± 3.7 |
5.2 ± 4.5 |
0.98 |
0.91 |
|
ND |
5.5 ± 2.7 |
5.3 ± 1.9 |
4.5 ± 1.7 |
0.64 |
||
|
VLCHP |
4.2 ± 2.0 |
4.8 ± 3.1 |
4.5 ± 2.7 |
0.30 |
||
|
LCMP |
4.6 ± 2.3 |
4.9 ± 1.9 |
4.7 ± 2.0 |
0.75 |
||
|
HCLP |
5.2 ± 2.5 |
5.2 ± 2.3 |
5.1 ± 2.2 |
0.87 |
||
|
CON |
4.1 ± 2.4 |
5.2 ± 2.0 |
5.2 ± 1.4 |
0.33 |
||
|
|
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|
LP 1RM (kg•kg-1) |
HED |
2.1 ± 0.5 |
2.3 ± 0.6 |
2.3 ± 0.6 |
0.10 |
0.24 |
|
ND |
1.6 ± 0.3 |
1.7 ± 0.2 |
1.8 ± 0.3 |
0.08 |
||
|
VLCHP |
1.9 ± 0.4 |
2.0 ± 0.5* |
2.1 ± 0.5*f |
< 0.001 |
||
|
LCMP |
1.8 ± 0.5 |
1.9 ± 0.5* |
2.0 ± 0.5*f |
< 0.001 |
||
|
HCLP |
1.7 ± 0.5 |
2.0 ± 0.5* |
2.1 ± 0.5* |
< 0.001 |
||
|
CON |
1.9 ± 0.5 |
1.9 ± 0.3 |
2.0 ± 0.4 |
0.63 |
||
|
|
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|
LP Lifting Volume (kg•kg-1) |
HED |
49 ± 30 |
59 ± 42 |
56 ± 60 |
0.61 |
0.53 |
|
ND |
45 ± 19 |
56 ± 32 |
38 ± 20 |
0.48 |
||
|
VLCHP |
47 ± 26 |
42 ± 21 |
47 ± 19 |
0.29 |
||
|
LCMP |
42 ± 17 |
48 ± 24 |
47 ± 24 |
0.25 |
||
|
HCLP |
45 ± 21 |
48 ± 34 |
46 ± 25 |
0.64 |
||
|
CON |
41 ± 12 |
43 ± 19 |
46 ± 21 |
0.47 |
||
|
|
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|
Dietary intake is presented as calorie intake: % carbohydrate: protein: fat. All data is presented as group means ± standard deviation for week 0, week 10 and week 14. Individual main effects for time are provided as within-group P-values. Group × time interaction effects are provided as GxT P -values. Between-group significance indicators represent the delta change from baseline at week 14. Significance level was 0.05. *Different from baseline, P < 0.05, aDifferent than CON, P < 0.05, fDifferent than HCLP, P < 0.05. |
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|
Kerksick et al. Nutrition Journal 2010 9:59 doi:10.1186/1475-2891-9-59 |
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