Table 4 |
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|
Characteristics of the infants at birth and at the beginning and the end of the study |
|||||||
|
At birth |
p * |
At the beginning |
p * |
At the end |
p ** |
||
|
|
|||||||
|
Age (corrected gestational age, weeks) |
BM |
29.0 ± 1.7 |
---- |
32.2 ± 2.3 |
----- |
35.7 ± 1.94 |
---- |
|
|
|||||||
|
A |
29.6 ± 1.6 |
0.683 |
32.8 ± 0.8 |
0.761 |
36.2 ± 0.60 |
0.406 |
|
|
B |
30.2 ± 1.4 |
32.6 ± 1.22 |
36.0 ± 1.02 |
||||
|
C |
29.8 ± 1.7 |
32.9 ± 1.70 |
36.4 ± 1.53 |
||||
|
|
|||||||
|
Weight (g) |
BM |
1138 ± 173 |
---- |
1302 ± 173 |
---- |
1903 ± 223 |
---- |
|
|
|||||||
|
A |
1196 ± 243 |
0.589 |
1452 ± 216 |
0.259 |
1967 ± 189 |
0.000 |
|
|
B |
1220 ± 221 |
1303 ± 213 |
1998 ± 146 |
A-B: 0.002 |
|||
|
C |
1313 ± 336 |
1404 ± 189 |
2154 ± 202 |
A-C: 0.002 |
|||
|
B-C: 0.622 |
|||||||
|
|
|||||||
|
Weight (Z-score) |
BM |
-0.380 ± 0.918 |
---- |
-1.279 ± 0.984 |
---- |
-1.567 ± 0.738 |
---- |
|
|
|||||||
|
A |
-0.368 ± 0.678 |
0.445 |
-1.170 ± 0.407 |
0.706 |
-1.501 ± 0.525 |
0.001 |
|
|
B |
-0.646 ± 0.476 |
-1.408 ± 0.639 |
-1.513 ± 0.605 |
A-B: 0.002 |
|||
|
C |
-0.309 ± 0.819 |
-1.438 ± 0.970 |
-1.347 ± 1.091 |
A-C: 0.001 |
|||
|
B-C: 0.213 |
|||||||
|
|
|||||||
|
Length (cm) |
BM |
37.3 ± 2.2 |
---- |
39.7 ± 2.6 |
---- |
44.2 ± 1.52 |
----- |
|
|
|||||||
|
A |
38.7 ± 2.7 |
0.750 |
41.5 ± 1.3 |
0.192 |
44.8 ± 0.91 |
0.715 |
|
|
B |
37.9 ± 3.1 |
40.4 ± 1.7 |
44.5 ± 1.24 |
||||
|
C |
38.8 ± 3.5 |
41.7 ± 2.1 |
45.6 ± 1.77 |
||||
|
|
|||||||
|
Length (Z-score) |
BM |
-0.329 ± 0.903 |
---- |
-0.889 ± 0.972 |
---- |
-0.895 ± 0.845 |
---- |
|
|
|||||||
|
A |
0.017 ± 1.260 |
0.386 |
-0.589 ± 0.272 |
0.784 |
-0.738 ± 0.354 |
0.700 |
|
|
B |
-0.619 ± 0.811 |
-0.807 ± 0.564 |
-0.537 ± 0.580 |
||||
|
C |
-0.215 ± 0.946 |
-0.642 ± 1.047 |
-0.441 ± 1.099 |
||||
|
|
|||||||
|
Head circumference (cm) |
BM |
26.3 ± 1.3 |
---- |
28.0 ± 1.5 |
---- |
31.5 ± 1.28 |
----- |
|
|
|||||||
|
A |
27.7 ± 1.7 |
0.615 |
29.2 ± 1.1 |
0.418 |
32.1 ± 0.55 |
0.077 |
|
|
B |
26.8 ± 1.8 |
28.5 ± 1.3 |
32.3 ± 1.18 |
A-B: 0.033 |
|||
|
C |
27.8 ± 3.2 |
28.7 ± 1.3 |
32.3 ± 0.75 |
A-C: 0.097 |
|||
|
B-C: 0.744 |
|||||||
|
|
|||||||
|
Head circumference (Z-score) |
BM |
-0.297 ± 0.820 |
---- |
-0.907 ± 0.831 |
---- |
-0.654 ± 0.553 |
--- |
|
|
|||||||
|
A |
0.311 ± 1.375 |
0.164 |
-0.689 ± 0.429 |
0.409 |
-0.331 ± 0.517 |
0.203 |
|
|
B |
-0.511 ± 0.583 |
-0.858 ± 0.556 |
-0.472 ± 0.639 |
||||
|
C |
-0.433 ± 0.857 |
-1.066 ± 0.761 |
-0.671 ± 0.777 |
||||
|
|
|||||||
|
Fat mass (g) |
BM |
---- |
---- |
111.1 ± 61.7 |
---- |
202.4 ± 49.6 |
---- |
|
|
|||||||
|
A |
---- |
---- |
140.3 ± 72.5 |
0.131 |
193.4 ± 49.6 |
0.182 |
|
|
B |
---- |
135.7 ± 50.3 |
208.1 ± 61.0 |
||||
|
C |
---- |
129.9 ± 56.5 |
219.3 ± 52.0 |
||||
|
|
|||||||
|
Fat-free mass (g) |
BM |
---- |
---- |
1190 ± 204 |
---- |
1699 ± 206 |
---- |
|
|
|||||||
|
A |
---- |
---- |
1311 ± 158 |
0.925 |
1773 ± 152 |
0.007 |
|
|
B |
---- |
1168 ± 180 |
1790 ± 127 |
A-B: 0.009 |
|||
|
C |
---- |
1274 ± 151 |
1915 ± 199 |
A-C: 0.044 |
|||
|
B-C: 0.277 |
|||||||
|
|
|||||||
|
Body mass index (kg/m2) |
BM |
8.16 ± 0.53 |
---- |
8.26 ± 0.69 |
---- |
16.0 ± 0.74 |
---- |
|
|
|||||||
|
A |
7.61 ± 1.00 |
0.195 |
8.41 ± 1.06 |
0.424 |
16.8 ± 1.18 |
0.472 |
|
|
B |
8.37 ± 0.78 |
7.93 ± 0.80 |
15.6 ± 0.80 |
||||
|
C |
8.49 ± 1.25 |
8.04 ± 0.78 |
15.2 ± 1.57 |
||||
|
|
|||||||
|
Number of patients in each group: 8 in A, 12 in B and 12 in C. Data are presented as the means ± SD * ONEWAY, with the factor group ** UNIANOVA, with the factor group and adjusted for covariates (initial corresponding value and duration of the intervention). If the p-value of the group < 0.1, pair comparisons have been performed. |
|||||||
|
Costa-Orvay et al. Nutrition Journal 2011 10:140 doi:10.1186/1475-2891-10-140 |
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