|
Risk of suboptimal or elevated serum biomarker concentrations and elevated blood pressure by supplement user group. |
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| Outcome |
Cases: n/(%) |
OR* |
95% CI* |
|
|
|||
| Homocysteine (>9 μmol/L) |
|||
| Multiple Supp users |
30/(10.9) |
0.11 |
0.06–0.19 |
| Single Supp users |
69/(37.0) |
0.53 |
0.34–0.83 |
| No Supp users |
282/(45.3) |
1.00 |
|
| C-reactive protein (>0.3 mg/dL) |
|||
| Multiple Supp users |
0/(0.00) |
† |
† |
| Single Supp users |
51/(30.6) |
0.66 |
0.40–1.09 |
| No Supp users |
230/(41.3) |
1.00 |
|
| Total cholesterol (>200 mg/dL) |
|||
| Multiple Supp users |
145/(52.5) |
0.78 |
0.56–1.09 |
| Single Supp users |
89/(57.8) |
1.08 |
0.72–1.62 |
| No Supp users |
291/(54.3) |
1.00 |
|
| HDL-cholesterol (<40 mg/dL males, <50 mg/dL females) |
|||
| Multiple Supp users |
44/(15.8) |
0.50 |
0.33–0.75 |
| Single Supp users |
40/(24.5) |
0.58 |
0.41–0.83 |
| No Supp users |
203/(38.0) |
1.00 |
|
| Ratio total cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol (<5) |
|||
| Multiple Supp users |
35/(12.7) |
0.49 |
0.32–0.74 |
| Single Supp users |
48/(35.3) |
1.05 |
0.64–1.73 |
| No Supp users |
189/(36.5) |
1.00 |
|
| Triglycerides (≥150 mg/dL) |
|||
| Multiple Supp users |
52/(18.8) |
0.44 |
0.27–0.71 |
| Single Supp users |
31/(41.5) |
0.99 |
0.50–1.94 |
| No Supp users |
157/(42.8) |
1.00 |
|
| LDL-cholesterol (>130 mg/dL) |
|||
| Multiple Supp users |
109/(39.5) |
0.96 |
0.56–1.65 |
| Single Supp users |
32/(47.6) |
1.19 |
0.70–2.03 |
| No Supp users |
101/(42.7) |
1.00 |
|
| Blood Pressure (DBP>80 mmHg or SBP>120 mmHg) |
|||
| Multiple Supp users |
154/(55.6) |
0.61 |
0.41–0.92 |
| Single Supp users |
117/(71.2) |
1.34 |
0.88–2.03 |
| No Supp users |
353/(64.6) |
1.00 |
|
|
* Logistic regression methods were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusted as in footnote to Table 4. The referent group for risk estimation was the No Supp group. †OR and 95% CI not estimable because zero events in the user group. Number and percent shown instead. HDL = high-density lipoprotein, LDL = low-density lipoprotein, DBP = diastolic blood pressure, SBP = systolic blood pressure. | |||
Block et al. Nutrition Journal 2007 6:30 doi:10.1186/1475-2891-6-30 |
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